• Pollution (i.e. runoff, sewage, soil, air, noise, chemicals).
• Overfishing, bycatch, and unsustainable fishing practices.
• Climate change and ocean acidification.
• Coral bleaching events.
• Unsustainable tourism practices (i.e. mass tourism, physical damage).
• Unsustainable coastal development practices.
• Coral Diseases.
• Biodiversity loss.
• Invasive species.
• Habitat fragmentation/destruction.
• Shipping and boating activities.
• Lack of environmental law applications.